The Hip
In the adult, the hip is a very stable joint that rarely dislocates due to heavy ligamentous and muscular support. However, in an infant it is the most common site for congenital dislocation.
The acetabulum forms the socket the femoral head sits in, creating a “ball and socket” joint. It is comprised of the ilium (posterosuperior), ischium (posteroinferior), and pubis (anteroinferior) bones.
Anteversion refers to an internal rotation of the hip and the toes point inward
Retroversion is when the hip is externally rotated and the toes point outward.
Range of Motion
Flexion- 0-120º
Abduction (ABD)- 0-45º
Adduction (ADD)- 0-30º
Medial (internal) rotation- 0-50º (hip and knee are flexed to 90º
Lateral (external) rotation- 0-40º
Closed packed position- internal rotation with extension and ABD of femur
Ligaments
Fibrous capsule
Iliofemoral ligament-resists extension and internal rotation of the femur
Ischiofemoral ligament- resists extension and internal rotation of the thigh
Pubofemoral ligament- resists extension, external rotation and ABD of the thigh
Ligamentum teres femoris- a flattened band that attaches the fovea capitis femoris to the transverse acetabular ligament
Transverse ligament- an extension of the ace tabular labrum
Muscles
Gluteus maximus- extends and externally rotates hip
Gluteus medius (anterior fibers)- flexion, internal rotation, and ABD of hip
Gluteus medius (posterior fibers)- extension, ABD, and external rotation of hip
Gluteus minimus- flexion, internal rotation, and ABD of hip
Biceps femoris- extension and external rotation of the hip joint
Semimebranosus, semitendinosus- extension of the hip joint and internally rotates the lower extremity when knee is slightly flexed
Sartorius- longest muscle in the body. Involved in flexion, adduction and external rotation at the hip
Gracilis- ADD and flexion of the hip
Iliacus and Psoas (iliopsoas)- flexion the hip
Rectus femoris- assists with flexion of the hip when hip is flexed above 70º
ADD longus, brevis and magnus- ADD the hip
Piriformis- ABD hip
TFL- ABD and flexion of hip
Quad femoris, gemellus (superior and inferior), obturator (internal and external), piriformis, pectineus- external rotation of hip
Orthopaedic Test
Thomas
Faber
Noble Compression
Ober
Ely’s
Pediatric testing
Ortolani’s- F hip and ABD
Barlow’s
Galeazzi’s (Allis test)
telescoping
Happy studying!
Dr. Crysta Serné
Vancouver Chiropractor and owner of Vitality Clinic
- Posted: August 23, 2014
- | by: Dr. Crysta Serne
- | 2 Comments
- | Categories: Chiropractic, Sports Therapy, Wellness Articles
- | Tags: Anatomy, Chiropractor, Hamstring, Hip, Sports Therapy
Hi. I googled hip chiropractor and you guys came up. I hope you can help me with my problem. Both sides of my hip aren’t aligned together and it’s hard to walk. I’ve been to many chiropractors physio and massage people no one has gotten it right. It’s not pain they’re just in the wrong places. Please email back as soon as possible to nsandhu94@hotmail.com
Good Morning! We can certainly help with hip alignments. The clinic is open Monday-Saturday so the best option is to call the clinic (604.687.7678) and speak with the front desk staff to see what availability there is.
Looking forward to seeing you,
Dr. Crysta Serne
Chiropractor and owner of Vitality Clinic